Published:
2019-01-01
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Polymophism education corner
What is a polymorphism?
Polymorphism are defined as common variations in anything around you. In biology, polymorphisms are defined as common variations in the shape, size, colour or texture of various organisms or their organs. With respect to genetics, polymorphisms are the variations in the DNA; for example, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), copy number variations (CNVs) and satellite variations (simple repeats). In molecular biology, polymorphisms are defined as variations in the level/expressions of various genes or proteins. Quantitatively, polymorphism is defined when it occurs commonly in the population, generally above 1% frequency.
What are restriction enzymes?
Restriction enzymes, also called as restriction endonucleases, are the enzymes employed by bacteria that cleave DNA at specific sites. These enzymes serve as a defence mechanism in the bacterial cells. They typically serve to cut the DNA of bacteriophages to restrict their invasion in the bacterial cells. Interestingly, these enzymes do not cut the DNA of the host, which is typically protected by methylation. This system in bacteria is called host restriction modification (HRM) system, which provides bacteria protection against bacteriophages.
Polymorphism health blog
Stay indoors, but stay fit !
It is important to stay active and fit during COVID-19 pandemic. In order to support individuals in eating healthy during self-quarantine and isolation, WHO/Europe has prepared a set of general tips, a list of "best food buys" and a few examples of recipes for inspiration.
COVID-19 vaccine - WHO
The world is in the midst of a COVID-19 pandemic. As WHO and partners work together on the response -- tracking the pandemic, advising on critical interventions, distributing vital medical supplies to those in need--- they are racing to develop and deploy safe and effective vaccines.
Vaccines save millions of lives each year. Vaccines work by training and preparing the body’s natural defences --- the immune system--- to recognize and fight off the viruses and bacteria they target. If the body is exposed to those disease-causing germs later, the body is immediately ready to destroy them, preventing illness.
There are currently more than 50 COVID-19 vaccine candidates in trials. WHO is working in collaboration with scientists, business, and global health organizations through the ACT Accelerator to speed up the pandemic response. When a safe and effective vaccine is found, COVAX (led by WHO, GAVI and CEPI) will facilitate the equitable access and distribution of these vaccines to protect people in all countries. People most at risk will be prioritized. While we work towards rolling out a safe and effective vaccine fairly, we must continue the essential public health actions to suppress transmission and reduce mortality.
